Mu gihe cy’amezi atatu ya mbere y’umwaka wa 2025, u Rwanda rwagize impinduka zigaragara mu bukungu, aho umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu wageze kuri miliyari zisaga 5 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda, uvuye kuri miliyari zisaga 4 mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2024. Ibi bivuze ko umusaruro mbumbe wiyongereyeho 7.8%, ibintu byafashijwe ahanini n’izamuka rikomeye mu rwego rwa serivisi n’inganda.
Abaturage n’inzobere mu by’ubukungu bagaragaza uko iri zamuka rishimangira intambwe y’ubukungu u Rwanda rugenda rutera, ariko banagaragaza ibibazo bikiri mu buhinzi ndetse n’ahari intege nke mu yandi masoko y’umusaruro mbumbe.
Serivisi n’inganda byagize uruhare rukomeye…
Tunyarukire rwagati mu isoko ryo mu mujyi wa Musanze, Nyirabagande Alice, umukobwa ukiri muto ucuruza imbuto zinyuranye ndetse ziryoheye ijisho, avuga ko imibereho ye yateye imbere mu ntangiriro z’uyu mwaka.
Ati: “Twatangiye kubona ba mukerarugendo batugana bakaduhahira, ubukerarugendo burongera buzamuka, bituma tugira abakiliya benshi ba za resitora n’ama hoteli. Ubu turakataje kandi twatangiye kwiteza imbere ndetse no kwagura ubucuruzi aho kuri ubu mfite musaza wanjye wari warabuze akazi, nashoreye mu bucuruzi bwa serivisi bw’irembo ndetse no guhagararira (agent) banki zinyuranye.”
Ibi Nyirabagande atangaza ndetse anahuriye n’abacuruzi banyuranye bo mu karere ka Musanze, nta muntu washidikanya ko umusaruro wabwo ariyo nkomoko y’izamuka rya 14% ry’umusaruro uva mu bucuruzi budandaza n’uburanguza, y’izamuka rya 5% ry’umusaruro wa serivise za hoteli na restora, kimwe n’iry’ikoranabuhanga n’itumanaho ryazamutseho 19% ndetse n’iry’imari n’ubwishingizi ryazamutseho 8%.
I Rubavu, Habumuremyi Patrick, umukozi mu ruganda rutunganya ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi, yemeza ko hari impinduka zabaye mu mezi atatu ashize.
Ati: “Twabonye akazi kenshi cyane kubera inyubako zizamuka hirya no hino, byaduteye gukora amasaha y’ikirenga kandi duhemberwa ndetse binatuma habaho gutanga akazi ku bakozi benshi.”
Iki gitekerezo gihuza n’imibare y’uko umusaruro w’inganda wiyongereyeho 9%, by’umwihariko inganda zikora ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi zazamutseho 21%, izikora ibyuma ku 22% ndetse n’izitunganya ibikomoka ku binyabutabire n’ibikoresho bya plasitike ku 15%.
Inzobere mu bukungu, Bwana Nshimiyimana Ezechiel wo muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, agaragaza ko ibi byerekana impinduka nziza zishingiye ku mishinga y’iterambere:
Ati: “Iri zamuka mu nganda rirerekana ko politiki z’igihugu zo guteza imbere inganda zitanga umusaruro. Ariko nanone, icyuho kiri mu buhinzi kiracyari ikibazo gikomeye.”
Zimwe mu mbogamizi ku buhinzi
Nubwo ubuhinzi bugize 24% by’umusaruro mbumbe, habayeho kumanuka muri iki gihembwe. Umusaruro w’ibiribwa ngandurarugo wagabanutseho 1%, by’umwihariko ibigori byagabanutseho 5%, ibishyimbo 1% nubwo hariho izamuka rike mu birayi 3% n’imyumbati 5%.
Mukeshimana Dativa, umuhinzi wo mu karere ka Gatsibo, avuga ko ihungana ku musaruro ukomoka ku buhinzi byamugizeho ingaruka ndetse n’umuryango we.
Ati: “Twahinze ibishyimbo ku butaka buri hafi ya hegitare mbifashijwemo n’inguzanyo ya banki, ariko imvura yaratinze, tubona umusaruro muke cyane, twari twizeye ko tuzabona ibyo tugurisha tukishyura inguzanyo, ariko no kubona ibyo kurya ntibyakunze, ubu nkaba ndi guhangana n’ingaruka zo kunanirwa gutanga ubwishyu bwa banki.”
Dr. Uwitonze Clementine, impuguke mu buhinzi, ashimangira ko impinduka z’ikirere n’imicungire y’imihingire bigikomeye.
Ati: “Mu gihe ibice byinshi by’u Rwanda bikiri ku buhinzi bwa gakondo, ntabwo bishobora kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Hakenewe kongera ubushakashatsi n’ubumenyi mu buhinzi bw’igihe kirekire.”
N’ubwo hari inganda zazamutse, urwego rw’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro rwagabanutseho 6%, cyane cyane kubera igabanuka ry’umusaruro wa Colta 18% na Wolfram 12%.
Uretse ibyo, hari icyizere cyatanzwe n’uko Gasegereti yoherezwa hanze itunganyije yiyongereyeho 90% n’ubwo idatunganyije yagabanutseho 5%.
Nsengimana Joseph, umukozi usanzwe mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye i Ngororero, yemeza ko abakozi benshi bari mu gihirahiro.
Ati: “Hari amezi tugira akazi gahoraho, ariko muri Gashyantare na Werurwe byagabanutse cyane. Nta yandi mahitamo, twari twarahaye icyizere Coltan.”
Nubwo umusaruro ushimishije, ariko haracyari urugendo
Imibare yerekana ko serivisi zifite uruhare rwa 46% mu musaruro mbumbe, inganda 23%, ubuhinzi 24% mu gihe ibindi 7%. Uko bigaragara, impuguke zitangaza ko serivisi na zimwe mu nganda byagize uruhare runini mu kuzamura umusaruro mbumbe ariko nubwo byose byerekana iterambere, hakiri intege nke mu buhinzi ndetse no mu bucukuzi, ibigaragaza ko hakiri byinshi byo kunoza kugira ngo iterambere rirusheho kugera ku baturage bose.
Nk’uko Dr. Nshimiyimana agira ati: “Ubukungu buriyongera, ariko hakenewe gushyira imbaraga mu kurengera urwego rw’ubuhinzi, kuko ruhuriweho n’abaturage benshi.”
Ubukungu bw’u Rwanda bugaragaza intambwe ishimishije, ariko no kwita ku nzego zisigaye inyuma bizakomeza kuba inkingi ya mwamba mu rugamba rw’iterambere rirambye.
INKURU YA NIKUZE NKUSI Diane
